All About the JAL Group - CSR Report 2005

In the following, we report on the JAL Group's environmental protection activities including containment of greenhouse gases, the greatest environmental burden of the Group, as well as noise and air pollution, and emission or discharge of various kinds of waste. We will put even more effort into environmental protection, making sure we use valuable natural resources efficiently and carefully and keep the environment as clean as possible.

Prevention of Global Warming

Relation between the Air Transport Business and Global Warming

Aircraft engines use fossil fuels. Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO

), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and water vapor (H

O) are by-products of burning these fuels.
CO

accounts for the majority of the greenhouse gases that cause global warming. The amount of CO

emitted by commercial aircraft in Japan is estimated to be approximately 0.8% of total domestic CO

emissions. Worldwide, the estimate is 2-3% of the total amount.

(Data from Ministry of the Environment and Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport)

Introduction of Fuel-Efficient Aircraft

The amount of CO

emitted by aircraft is about proportional to the amount of fuel consumed. Thanks to advanced aircraft technology, fuel efficiency has dramatically improved in the last few decades. The JAL Group continues to minimize fuel consumption by phasing in state-of-the-art fuel-efficient aircraft and accelerating the retirement of conventional aircraft.

Various Fuel-Saving Measures

The following measures are being taken mainly by the Flight Operations Division with the proviso that flight safety is of utmost importance. Among these, use of flight simulators saved 8,400 kiloliters of fuel in FY2004.

Fuel-Saving Measures

Division	Measures
Flight Operations	1	Use of improved cruise performance monitoring system (adopted in all aircraft from FY1994)
	2	Selection of optimal flight altitude, speed and route
	3	Use of auto-landing under low-visibility conditions
	4	Selection of shorter domestic routes, using Area Navigation System
	5	Operation of Communications, Navigation, Surveillance and Air Traffic Management (CNS/ATM)
	6	Optimal control of aircraft center of gravity (4% aft for less drag)
	7	Continuous use of flight simulators in place of aircraft in-flight crew training and screening
	8	Increased use of Ground Power Units (GPUs) for aircraft parked at airports
Others	1	Reduction of volume and weight of goods loaded (weight reduction of cabin service goods, and optimization of quantity of potable water)
	2	Simplification of logistics (local purchase of goods given out in-flight and cargo fittings)
	3	Fuel saving in aircraft maintenance through efficient engine testing
	4	Determination of optimum fuel load in the flight planning phase

Changes in CO Emission from Aircraft

The graph below shows changes in estimated emissions per available ton kilometer (ATK) emitted by commercial operation of JAL Group aircraft, based on fuel consumption. The total CO

emissions in FY2004 were 17,008 thousand tons.

CO Emissions per ATK

Notes:	-	For aircraft operated by: JALI, JALJ, JAA, JAZ, JTA, JEX, J-AIR, RAC, JAC, HAC, HLQ
	-	ATK is calculated by using the greatest circle distance.

CO Emissions per ATK of Freighters

emissions per available ton kilometer (ATK) by commercial B747F and B747-400F freighter operations of the JAL Group are shown in the table below. As the allowable load of freighters is greater, CO

emissions per ATK of a B747 freighter are smaller than those of a passenger aircraft of the same type.

(g-CO

/ton-km)

Aircraft	FY2002	FY2003	FY2004
B747, B747-400F	542	550	537

Saving Energy at Offices

The yearly consumption of electricity, thermal energy and water in domestic offices for Japan Airlines International Co., Ltd. and Japan Airlines Domestic Co., Ltd. for the last 5 years is as shown in the following charts. Total consumption at domestic offices in FY2004 was as follows.

-	Electricity: 227 million kWh (an increase of 3.2% from the previous fiscal year)
-	Thermal energy (converted into crude oil): 17,682 kiloliters (a decrease of 9.3% from the previous fiscal year)
-	Total electricity and thermal energy: 2,918 million MJ (an increase of 0.7% from the previous fiscal year)
-	Water: 695 thousand cubic meters (a decrease of 13% from the previous fiscal year)

Electricity Consumption

Thermal Energy Consumption

Water Consumption

Note: Figures have been rounded off after the decimal point. As a result totals may not exactly add up.

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